Plumage Variation: Male hummingbirds often boast more vibrant and iridescent plumage, while females tend to have more subdued colors for better camouflage during nesting.
Throat Markings: Males typically exhibit flashy throat patches, known as gorgets, which they use to attract mates during courtship displays.
Size Differences: In some species, males are slightly larger than females, but this can vary depending on the species and individual bird.
Tail Shape: Females may have slightly longer and broader tails, while males might have more pointed or forked tails, although this can also vary.
Behavior: Males are often more territorial and aggressive, especially during the breeding season, while females tend to be more focused on nesting and raising their young.
Nesting Habits: Female hummingbirds are solely responsible for building nests, incubating eggs, and raising chicks, while males typically play no role in parental care.
Vocalizations: Male hummingbirds may produce more vocalizations, such as chirps or trills, especially when defending territory or courting females.